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The Snowpulse 3.0 deployment system is a mechanical system which requires the wearer to pull the cord in order to deploy the airbag.

The cord handle sits on the right shoulder strap. During transport it is tucked away to avoid accidental deployment. When in avalanche terrain the cord handle must be exposed from its protective pocket.

The cord should be pulled as soon as the wearer is caught in an avalanche or suspects they will be caught. To pull it requires 10 pounds of force in a downward motion. A 10-year-old child would still be able to pull on it hard enough to deploy the airbag.

There may be situations where an individual wearing an airbag would be unable to pull the trigger and initiate the airbag deployment. Such as: the handle was not exposed, or the wearer waited too long (trying to ride out the slide) before getting to the handle.

Yes.

The Snowpulse system contains a compressed air cylinder which, when deployed by the wearer, inflates a large airbag contained within the backpack. This airbag essentially acts like a massive lifejacket in a sea of snow.

There are two reasons this works. First, the inflated airbag makes you bigger. In an avalanche, bigger particles end up on the surface and smaller particles on the bottom. The second reason is because an airbag greatly reduces your overall density making you lighter than the surrounding snow mass; therefore, you essentially float to the surface.

Yes. ICAR (International Commission of Alpine Rescue) has called an avalanche airbag "the device of choice". The following information is provided from Time is Life DVD, edited and approved by the International Commission of Alpine Rescue. ICAR – MEDCOM, CISA-IKAR Avalanche Commission (SWISS Stats) 2005.

They examined 2000 Avalanche incidents and found the following:

• Overall 22% mortality rate.
• Only 4.4% of people who were not buried, or only partially buried died!
• 51.3% chance of death for people who were completely buried.
• Likely that partial burials go unreported lowering the 4.4%.

Now for the Airbag statistics:

• 1991-2004: 77 reports of airbag inflation.
• 76 Survived, 1 Died
• 10 completely buried but airbags were visible on the surface.

The same avalanches caught 25 people who were not wearing airbags. Of these 12 were completely buried, 9 were found dead. Airbags lowered the probability of a complete burial from 47.1% to 13% and the mortality rate 35.3% to 1.3%! ICAR conclusion: Statistical evidence for airbags is good to very good. “It is the device of choice”.

Point of Interest: Same study revealed transceivers reduced the median burial time 170-20 minutes, but the mortality rate only 79% to 50%!

Avalanche airbags are the only way to help reduce the chance of being buried and greatly increase an avalanche victim’s chance of survival.

No and Yes.

The Airbag is not interchangeable, as the pull cord is on the opposite side. On Mammut and other airbag packs, the handle is on the left-hand side.

On Highmark packs, it is on the Right. A Mammut RAS or PAS is not compatible.

However, the cylinder 100% is compatible. You can use this cylinder for Mammut, Dakine, Highmark and older packs from Ortovox and Jones.

They are not included, but we have set up some packages on the Airbags page so you can bundle them together if you want.

Because the Snowpulse 2.0 Cylinders work with many years of packs (Snowpulse 2.0 Cylinders work with 2.0 and 3.0 packs), so many people buying Highmark packs already own a cylinder and don’t need the full package.

Every time you take your pack out, you should check the gauge on you air cylinder and make sure it’s full or at the correct pressure. Once a year it is recommended that you deploy the pack.

Actually, both systems are removable, but we don’t recommend removing the PAS if you don’t have to.

The Protection Airbag System (PAS) deploys in a u-shape, coming around your neck, shoulders and chest, much like a life jacket.

The Removable Airbag System (RAS) deploys like a pillow behind your head. The PAS is the only airbag system to offer Trauma Protection to your neck and chest that may occur during an avalanche.

As Highmark, we stopped making PAS avalanche airbags in W26/27, not because we didn't love them, but because we simply couldn't source them any more. It's a pretty niche thing and we just couldn't order the minimums needed for a factory order.

That being said, if you find a PAS pack (Spire, Pro) in a dealership, you should feel totally confident in buying it. They're great packs and we'll recommend them to this day.

  More on this....

Yes – this is purposeful. In an avalanche situation, this air deflation would provide you with breathable air around your face and is not a defect. If it deflates in a matter of 2 minutes, you may have a leak in your actual airbag, but this is super uncommon.

Whether you need an extra cylinder depends on the length of your trip and the accessibility of refilling the cylinder in your region. A full cylinder is only good for one deployment (before it needs a refill) so having a second on hand in case the airbag is deployed by accident or on purpose is a good idea - especially for multi-day trips.

All Highmark airbags fill with air when deployed. The cylinder is filled with dry, compressed air. You can breathe this air.

Yes the airbag is reusable. The airbag takes 5-15 minutes to repack and the cylinder then needs to be refilled before the airbag can be reused.

The cylinders can be refilled at any of the Refill Locations from our Dealer Locator Page, or any Paintball or SCUBA shop. Be sure to bring a replacement burst disc to the shop.

If you have the equipment, sure. You’d need a compressed air tank that can fill up to 3300 psi and the correct adapter to do it. However, most air tanks only offer a few fills before they aren’t able to provide enough pressure. It’s recommended to take it to a shop.

At this time, no. Carbon Cylinders are not available for sale or usage in North America. If you happen to have one from Europe (sold from Mammut), these work just fine for your airbag, but you won't be able to get it refilled here in North America.

Yes. However, the big question is, can you fly with the cylinder? As of Winter 19/20, here are the rules:

• Canada | You can fly domestically with a full cylinder. Internationally, it must be empty.
• USA | You can fly domestically and internationally with an empty cylinder. You will need to deploy your airbag and remove the lid of the cylinder so that a TSA Agent can check inside.

As a note, though YOU know these rules, there's no guarantee that the TSA agent will and it's likely not something you want to battle over in the TSA lineup. We highly recommend flying WITHOUT your cylinder and renting one on the other side if that's an option for you.

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